C++ code for Finding out The Greatest Number

To Find The Greatest Number:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int num1,num2,num3,num4,num5;

cout<<" Enter value for first number";

cin>>num1;

cout<<" Enter value for second number";

cin>>num2;

cout<<" Enter value for third number";

cin>>num3;

cout<<" Enter value for fourth number";

cin>>num4;

cout<<" Enter value for fifth number";

cin>>num5;

if(num1>num2&&num1>num3&&num1>num4&&num1>num5)

{

cout<<" First number is greatest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num1;

}

if (num1<num2&&num1<num3&&num1<num4&&num1<num5)

{

cout<<" First number is smallest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num1;

}

else if(num2>num1&&num2>num3&&num2>num4&&num2>num5)

{

cout<<" Second number is greatest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num2;

}

if(num2<num1&&num2<num3&&num2<num4&&num2<num5)

{

cout<<" Second number is smallest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num2;

}

else if (num3>num1&&num3>num2&&num3>num4&&num3>num5)

{

cout<<" Third number is greatest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num3;

}

if (num3<num1&&num3<num2&&num3<num4&&num3<num5)

{

cout<<" Third number is smallest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num3;

}

else if (num4>num1&&num4>num2&&num4>num3&&num4>num5)

{

cout<<" Fourth number is greatest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num4;

}

if (num4<num1&&num4<num2&&num4<num3&&num4<num5)

{

cout<<" Fourth number is smallest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num4;

}

else if (num5>num1&&num5>num2&&num5>num3&&num5>num4)

{

cout<<" Fifth number is grestest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num5;

}

else if (num5<num1&&num5<num2&&num5<num3&&num5<num4)

{

cout<<" Fifth number is smallest"<<endl<<"which is= "<<num5;

}

getch();

}

Calculating factorial of any number in C++

Calculating factorial of any number

#include <iostream>

#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

int main ()

{

int num;

int factorial=1;

cout<<"enter num";

cin>>num;

for

(int a=1;a<=num;a++)

{

factorial=factorial*a;

}

cout<<"factorial="<<factorial;

getch();

return 0;}

output

enter integer 4

factorial=24

EQUIPMENT FOR SCREENING

EQUIPMENT FOR SCREENING

SCREENING:

Screening is a method of separating particles according to size alone.

Under size: fines pass through the screen openings

Oversize: tails do not pass

A single screen can make but a single separation into two fractions. These are called unsized fractions, because although either the upper or lower limit of the particle sizes they contain is known, the other limit is unknown. Material passed through a series of screens of different sizes is separated into sized fractions, i.e. fractions in which both the maximum and minimum particle sizes are known.

SCREENING EQUIPMENT:

• Stationary & rotary screens
• Gyrating screens or Vibrating screens
• Centrifugal sitter.
• Sieves
• Industrial Strainer
• Sieve Shakers

Cutting diameter D_pc:

It marks the point of separation; usually D_pc is chosen to be the mesh opening of the screen.

Actual screens do not give a perfect separation about the cutting diameter. The under size can contain certain amount of material coarser than D_pc, and the oversize can contain certain amount of material that is smaller than D_pc.[1]

INDUSTRIAL STRAINERS:

Some of industrial strainers available are simplex basket strainer, duplex basket strainer, and Y strainer. Simple basket strainer is used to protect valuable or sensitive equipment in a system that is meant to be shut down temporarily. Some commonly used strainers are bell mouth strainers, foot valve strainers, basket strainers etc.

Fig. 1: Industrial Basket strainers

SIEVES:

A sieve, or sifter, is a device for separating wanted elements from unwanted material or for characterizing the particle size distribution of a sample, typically using a woven screen such as a mesh or net. The word "sift" derives from 'sieve'. In cooking, a sifter is used to separate and break up clumps in dry ingredients such as flour, as well as to aerate and combine them. A strainer is a form of sieve used to separate solids from liquid.



Fig.2: sieves or sifters
ANALYTICAL SIEVE SHAKERS:

A device used to shake a stacked column of standard sieve-test trays to cause solids to sift progressively from the top (large openings) to the bottom (small openings and a final pan), according to particle size.

Fig.3 Analytical Sieve Shaker

STATIONARY AND ROTARY SCREENS:

Rotating and stationary screens for automatic and efficient removal of coarse solids process streams and waste water effluent. Screens can be used anywhere in your plant, but are most often used as a pre-screen to further waste water treatment.

Screens Provide Great Value:

Screens provide great value in their ability to handle a wide range of flow-rates and solids loading. They work well on granular, fibrous, greasy or sticky solids. We also provide equipment for further de watering of the screened solids.

The right screen can reduce water usage, improve the efficiency of final waste water treatment, reduce maintenance, recover products, reduce hauling costs and improve processes. Contact us for assistance with your screening application.


Fig.4: Rotary Screen

Screen Applications:

• Process water
• Waste water
• Pulp and paper mill effluent
• Wood room effluent
• Stock thickening
• Broke thickening
• Rejects thickening Save all
• Poultry plant wash water
• Primary feather and offal waste water
• Peeler effluent
• Solids recovery
• Coolants

Fig. 5: Stationary Screen

GYRATORY or VIBRATORY SCREEN:

Boxlike machine with a series of horizontal screens nested in a vertical stack with downward-decreasing mesh-opening sizes; near-circular motion causes undersized material to sift down through
each screen in succession.

Or
Gyratory Screens, used in mechanical screening and sieving is based on a circular motion of the machine. Unlike other methods, gyratory screen operates in a gentler manner and is more suited to handle fragile products, enabling it to produce finer products. This method is applicable for both wet and dry screening.

A distinct difference to other techniques is that the gyratory motion applied here depends on eccentric weights instead of vibrations, which can be varied based on individual process requirement.

Gyratory equipment contains decks of screens on top of each other with the coarsest screen on top and the finest below. The feed is inserted from the top and gyratory motion triggers the penetration of particles into the next deck through screen openings.

Casings are inclined at relatively low angles (< 15°) to the horizontal plane, with gyrations occurring in the vertical plane. The eccentric masses can be varied in such as the increase of top eccentric mass leads to an increase in horizontal throw, promoting the discharge of oversize materials. Increment in bottom eccentric mass boosts the material turn over on the screen surface, maximizing the quantity of under-size-material penetration. Over size materials are discharged via tangential outlet.

Fig.5: Gyratory Screens-Schematic diagram

CENTRIFUGAL SITTERS or SCREEN SCROLL CENTRIFUGE:

Screen scroll centrifuge is a filtering or screen centrifuge which is also known as worm screen or conveyor discharge centrifuge. This centrifuge was first introduced in the midst of 19th century. After developing new technologies over the decades, it is now one of the widely used processes in many industries for the separation of crystalline, granular or fibrous materials from a solid-liquid mixture. Also, this process is considered to dry the solid material. This process has been some of the most frequently seen within, especially, coal preparation industry. Moreover, it can be found in other industries such as chemical, environmental, food and other mining fields.

Fig.6: Screen Scroll Centrifuge

References:
[1] http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/particle/cpe124p4.html[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve[3] http://www.papsco.com/Category.asp?CategoryID=15[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyratory_equipment

[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen_scroll_centrifuge

Shell and tube heat exchanger

A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it. One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids. The set of tubes is called a tube bundle, and may be composed of several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc.

Heat is transferred from one fluid to the other through the tube walls, either from tube side to shell side or vice versa. The fluids can be either liquids or gases on either the shell or the tube side. In order to transfer heat efficiently, a large heat transfer area should be used, leading to the use of many tubes. In this way, waste heat can be put to use. This is an efficient way to conserve energy.

Heat exchangers with only one phase (liquid or gas) on each side can be called one-phase or single-phase heat exchangers. Two-phase heat exchangers can be used to heat a liquid to boil it into a gas (vapor), sometimes called boilers, or cool a vapor to condense it into a liquid (called condensers), with the phase change usually occurring on the shell side. Boilers in steam engine locomotives are typically large, usually cylindrically-shaped shell-and-tube heat exchangers. In large power plants with steam-driven turbines, shell-and-tube surface condensers are used to condense the exhaust steam exiting the turbine into condensate water which is recycled back to be turned into steam in the steam generator.

Different types of shell and tube heat exchangers and their applications

The simple design of a shell and tube heat exchanger makes it an ideal cooling solution for a wide variety of applications. One of the most common applications is the cooling of hydraulic fluid and oil in engines, transmissions and hydraulic power packs. With the right choice of materials they can also be used to cool or heat other mediums, such as swimming pool water or charge air. One of the big advantages of using a shell and tube heat exchanger is that they are often easy to service, particularly with models where a floating tube bundle (where the tube plates are not welded to the outer shell) is available.

TDW

Design feature: High thermal efficiency utilising newly developed spiral oil flow baffles Standardised in 21 sizes and various types Removable U-tube bundle with finned tubes made from tinned Cu and other materials 4-pass coolant flow Low operating costs due to low water consumption

-Application:

Especially suited for cooling of lube oil and hydraulic oil in engines, transmission. Also used in the plastic machinery industry.

BCF/ CCF

Design feature: Standardised and prefabricated in 212 sizes and various types Non-removable tube bundle available in a range of materials Removable cast iron bonnets available for 1, 2 or 4-pass design quick calculation - quick delivery -Optional: U-Version with U-tubes P-Version with removable bundle

-Application:

Cooling, heating and condensing of different media either by fluids or steam. Typically used in process engineering as well as in mechanical and plant engineering. Decades of proven reliability in cooling of lube oil and hydraulic oil, in the tool, plastic and compressor industry. 

SSCF

Design feature:

• The standardised and pre-engineered counterpart of the BCF line, but made of stainless steel 1.4571(V4A).

-Application:

Ideally suited for the chemical, refining, pharmaceutical, and process industries where aggressive fluids are to be heated or cooled.

CCFA

Design feature:

• Non-removable tube bundle, 1-pass design
• Very high compressive strength
• Best price performance ratio

-Application:

Especially suited to cool air and gas, especially very high pressures. To be used as intercooler or after cooler.

Univex-compact series

Design feature: High specific heat dissipation due to the compact tube bundle and 4-pass cooling water flow Removable tube bundle with tubes made of CuNi10Fe, bonnets bronze, seawater resistant Regular supply of mounting positions Short delivery times, attractive price performance ratio

-Application:

Cooling of: hydraulic oils and lube oils, converter oils, cutting oils, cooling oils, hydraulic liquids, water/glycol. Low-cost coolants that can be used are: service water and seawater.

References

1. www.hrsfunke.com
2. www.wikipedia.org

Law of failure ,

Rays emitting from the books are directly proportional to sleep (S) And inversely proportional to parhai(p)

R <>< S/p

R = mS/p

where m is the constant called
" m0bile c0nstant "
and it's unit is sms.where m depend upon package and its dimension is miscal.

This is called "student first law of failure"

ETEA SOLVED PAPERS chapter wise ( free download,) 2005 to 2013

 Download chapter wise physics, chemistry ,biology and maths pre engineering and pre medical EATA SOLVED  papers of 2005 to 2013  for free, Any one interested just click on the link , Now you do not need to pay for it , Murad ali shah UET peshawar 

Chapter-1(physics)

1. The present SI unit of time is defined as:

Duration of 9,192,631,770 vibration of Ce-133 atom (2008-97 ETEA).

Extra Point:

Present unit of length = s travelled in vacuum during a time of second.

2. The force of one Newton per meter square is equal to one.

(a) Bar (b) Atm (c) Pascal (d) Erg. (2005-80)

* Newton = Kgms² * J = Nm = Kgm²s^-2

* Watt = w = Js-1 = Kgm²s^-3 * C = As

* Volt = V = JA^-1 s^-1 * Pa = Nm^-2 = Kgm^-1 s^-2

* Which of the following is unit of P? (2013-176)

Kgm-1 S-2 Hints

3. If the area of a circle is equal, to its circumference the radius of this circle is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 2005-41

Hints r2 = 2 =2

4. 9.5 × 10¹⁵m when rounded off 40 is 10¹⁶ m which is equal to (2011-03 Eng ETEA)

(a) Tera meter (b) Peta meter (c) Exa meter (d) light year

* Tera 10¹² * Exa = 10¹⁸ * light year = 9.5 × 10¹⁵ m

* {eta = 10¹⁵

5. What is the ratio of 1 Gm/1um? (2012-78) Eng: ETEA

(a) 10^-3 (b) 10^-7 (c) 10^-18 (d) 10¹⁵

1Gm Gega meter = 10⁹µm = micro meter = 10^-6

Thus 1Gm/1um = = 10⁹ × 10⁶ = 10¹⁵

Extra Points:

Atto → 10-18 Femto → 10-15 Pico → 10-12 nano→ 10-9 micro → 10-6

milli→ 10-3 Centi → 10-2 Deci → 10-1 Deca → 101 Kilo → 10-3

Mega → 106 Gega → 109 Tera → 1012 Peta → 1015 Exa → 1018

6. A student measures a current as 0.5A.

Which of the following correctly express this result,

(a) 50mA (b) 50MA (c) 500MA (d) 500mA

7. If a machine does 550 foat Pound work in one second its power will be.

(a) 550 watt (b) 74 6 watt (c) 746 horse power (d) 550 horse power

As (*) 1 horse power = 746 watt= 550 foot prund / sec.

* 1 inch = 2.54 cm (*) 1 pound force = 4.448N

* 1 inh = 1.609 Km(*) 1m = 3.281 gty

* 1 slug = 14.59 kg = 32.2 lb (8) 1 foot = 0.305 m

* In = 0.225 pound force

* 1 watt = 0.737 foo pound/

8. The measurement of physical quantity may be subject to random errors & to systematic errors. Which statement s correct (*) Rondom error can be reduced by taking the average of several mesurements.

9. A presise measurement is one which has;

(a) Less uncertainty (b)Max precision (c) Absolute precision (d) None of these

10. The quantity x is to be determined form the equation x = p-Q. P is measured as (1.27 + 0.02)m and Q is measured as (0.03 + 0.01)m. What is the percentage uncertainty in x to one significant sigure.

(a) 4% (b) 2% (c) 3% (d) 7%

11. The deusity of the steel ball was determined by measuring the mass and diameter. The mass was measured with 1% and diameter 3% of the error. In the calculated density of the steel ball is at most.

(a) 2% (b) 4% (c) 8% (d) 10%

12. The power loss, P in resistor is calculated using the formula P = V²/R. The uncertainty in the potential difference V is 3% and the uncertainty in the resistance R is 2%, what is the uncertainty in P? 2012-51 Eng: ETEA

Hints: P =

(a) 4% (b) 7% (c) 8% (d) 11%

13. The uncertainty recorded in the redius of a sphere is 1.6%. The uncertainty in the area of that sphere is; 2012-61 ETEA

Hints: Area of sphere = 4r² => Thus uncertainty in area = (1.6%)² = 1.6% × 2 = 3.2%

(a) 4.8% (b) 3.2% (c) 1.6% (d) 0.8%

14. The number of signfiicant figures in 4.0030 is; 2009-77 ETEA

(a) Four (b) Five (c) Two (d) Three

15. The nubmer of signficiant figures in the measurement x = 10.00300 2012-90 ETEA

(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 5 (d) 3

16. The number of signfiicant figures in the measurement of 5.05  10^-3 m/s is;

2008-177 ETEA

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 8

Rules of significant figures

1. All non-zero are significant
2. Decimal point between them does not matter
3. All zero between two non-zero are significant.
4. Location of decimal does not matter
5. If a number is with out decimal
6. Part, than terminal zeros are not significant.
7. Terminal are trailing zeros in the decimal part are significant.
8. Any zero to the right of a not-zero digit is significant.
9. All zero between decimal point & first non-zero digit are not significant.

0.0003 → one signficiant

34000 → Twosignficiant

97600 → 5signficiant

17. If 7.635 & 4.81 are two significant numbers, their multiplication in significant digit is 2011-6 Eng: ETEA

Hints: 7.635 × 4.81 = 36.7 B/c Answer should be carried to least significant figure operation i.e. 4.81

(a) 36.72435 (b) 36.724 (c) 36.72 (d) 36.7

In multiplication & division the operation is carried to same nubmer of significant figures that are contained in the foctor which has the least number of significant figures.

e.g.; 4.3458  2.7 = 11.73366

Answer after rounding off: (12) because 2.7 has only two significnat figures.

In adding & subtracting numbers the decimal places retained in the answer should equal the smallest number of decimal places, in any of the quantity being added or substracted.

e.g. 2.1 + 2.123 + 10.1 → 6.233 → 6.2 Ans.

& 9.725 – 4.04 → 5.685 → 5.68

18. The dimension of planks const court are: 2010-39 Eng: ETEA

19. The Dimension of work are similar to the dimensions of 2010-39 Eng: ETEA

(a) Impulse (b) Torque (c) Power (d) Angular momentum.

* Impulse → Momentum (Same dimension)

* Torque → Energy → Work → Heat (Same Timension)

* Augularmonientum → plank’s const I =ML² T^-1

20. ML^-1 T^-1are dimensions of; 2011-58 ETEA

(a) Augular Momentum (b) Power (c) Impulse (d) Viscosity

21. The dimension of energy are same as those of; 2011-135 ETEA

––> Work

22. The dimension of gravitational const are M^-1 L³ T^-2

23. The diminsion of torque are; 2008-183, 2012-22 Eng: ETEA

––> ML² T^-2

24. The dimension of impulse are similar to momentum 2010-62 Eng: ETEA

––>T^-2

25. The dimension of angular acceleration are

26. Plank’s const has the dimension of angular momentum, 2009-111 Med: ETEA

27. M⁰ L⁰ T⁰are the dimension of 2011-05 ETEA

(a) Strain (b) Regractive Index (c) Magnification (d) All

28. The time rate change of magnetic flux has dimension as that of; potential difference 2012-42

29. Which of the following pairs have same units of dimensions? 2012-182 ETEA

Enf & Potential difference

B.A/t = Potential diff: Emf = ML² T^-3 A^-1 Same Dimensions

30. Which one is correct formula for finding the speed, V of orean waves in terms of the deusity, p of sea water, the acc of free fall g, depth, h of the ocean & the wavelength x? 2012-50 Eng: ETEA

(a) v = (b) v = (c) v = (d) v =

v = = = = = m/s = Velocity  

Entry test mcqs

1 The electrons should be arranged in orbital in such manner that maximum unpairing occur....this is stated by
A) afbau's principle
B)hund's rule
C)fajan's rule
D)EUO rule
E)Bilal Bhai Aap he Bata Do

2 CH4,NH4,Na+ HF ....

All these have 
A)same mass
B)same no of proton
C)same no of neutrons
D)same no of electrons

3 Q: which one has non zero spin and magnetic moment?

A) C^12
B) O^16
C) He^4
D) N^15

4 hydrogen bonding is not present in..??

a glycerine
b water
c hydrogen sulphide
d hydrogen fluoride

5 Ion which carries both positive and negative electric charges is term as ??

A carbonium ion
B zwitter ion
C carbene
D all of the above

5 compton shift is maximum when the striking angle is 

a 0
b 90
c 180
d no

6 if a and b are vectors then what is necessary for pa plus qb = 0

a p= 0
b q= 0
c both p and q = 0
d neither p nor q =0

7 the vegetative reproduction in zygomycota is take place by

a)fission
b)budding
c)fragmentation
d)slerotia

8 the term used to describe an abnormally slow heart rate is??

1 tachycardia
2 bradycardia
3 fibrilation
4 none of the above

9 smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes..??

A enzymes
b sugar
c protein 
d lipid

10 

In 2 pentene, while obeying morkonikoff's rule +ve charge will be added to which carbon
a) carbon 2
b) carbon 3
c) can be added to both
d) can be added to terminal carbon